Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology
Original Papers

Association of the DRD2 TaqIA, 5-HT1B A-161T, and CNR1 1359 G/A polymorphisms with alcohol dependence

1.

Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Denizli - Turkey

2.

Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Denizli - Turkey

3.

Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetic, Mersin - Turkey

4.

Iskilip Atif Hoca State Hospital, Psychiatry Clinic, Corum - Turkey

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2014; 24: 115-121
DOI: 10.5455/bcp.20131229022915
Read: 880 Downloads: 561 Published: 15 February 2021

Objective: Alcohol dependence is associated with genetic variants of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and genes related to dopaminergic, gamma-aminobutyric acidergic, glutamatergic, opioid, cholinergic, and serotonergic systems. Genetic variations in the endogenous cannabinoid system are also involved in alcohol dependence. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between three polymorphisms, DRD2 TaqIA, 5-HT1B A-161T and CNR1 1359 G/A (rs1049353), and alcohol dependence.

Methods: One hundred twenty three patients, who were diagnosed as having alcohol dependence according to the DSM-IV criteria and 125 healthy volunteers, were included in the study. With written informed consent, a blood sample was drawn from each individual. Venous blood samples were collected in ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) containing tubes. DNA was extracted from whole blood by the salting out procedure. Genetic analyses were performed as described in the literature by using a Polymerase Chain Reaction method. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results: The DRD2 TaqIA polymorphism was analyzed in the study and control groups. In the study group, the A1/ A1 genotype was observed in 5 (4.0%) patients, the A1/ A2 genotype was observed in 51 (41.5%) patients and the A2/A2 genotype was observed in 67 (54.5%) patients. In the control group, the A1/A1 genotype was observed in 6 (4.8%) subjects, the A1/A2 genotype was observed in 40 (32.0%) subjects and the A2/A2 genotype was observed in 79 (62.2%) subjects. For the 5-HT1B receptor A-161T gene polymorphism, the A/A genotype was detected in 61 (49.6%) patients, the A/T genotype was detected in 53 (43.1%) and the T/T genotype was detected in 9 (7.3%) patients. In the control group, the A/A genotype was detected in 84 (67.2%) subjects, the A/T genotype was detected in 39 (31.2%) subjects, and the T/T genotype was detected only in 2 (1.6%) subjects. The G/G genotype was the most common genotype in both study and control groups for CNR1 1359 gene polymorphism. It was detected in 75 (61.0%) study patients and in 84 (67.2%) control subjects. The G/A genotype was observed in 39 (31.7%) patients of the study group and 38 (30.4%) subjects of the control group. The A/A genotype was the most rare genotype in both groups; it was detected only in 9 (7.3%) study patients and 3 (2.4%) control subjects. Of the three polymorphisms investigated, 5-HT1B A-161T was the only one found to be associated with alcohol dependence.

Conclusions: The 5-HT1B receptor A-161T polymorphism might be a promising marker for alcohol dependence; however, future studies are needed to clarify these findings.


DRD2 TaqIA, 5-HT1B A-161T VE CNR1 1359 G/A polimorfizmlerinin alkol bağımlılığı ile ilişkisi

Amaç: Alkol bağımlılığı alkolü yıkan enzimler ve dopaminerjik, gama aminobutrik asiderjik, glutamaetrjik, opiyat, kolinerjik ve serotonerjik sistemle ilgili genetik değişkenlerle ilişkilidir. Endojen kannabinoid sistemle ilgili genetik değişkenlerin de alkol bağımlılığında etkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, alkol bağımlılığı ile DRD2 TaqIA, 5-HT1B A-161T ve CNR1 1359 G/A (rs1049353) polimorfizmleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM-IV tanı kriterlerine göre alkol bağımlılığı tanısı almış 123 kişi ve 125 sağlıklı gönüllü alınmıştır. Yazılı onam formunun alınmasının ardından hastalardan venöz kan örnekleri alınmıştır. Venöz kanlar ethylenediaminetetra asetik asit (EDTA) içeren tüplere alınmıştır. Tam kandan tuzlama tekniği ile DNA izole edilmiştir. Polimerize zincir reaksiyonu kullanarak literatürde belirtildiği gibi genetik analiz yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz için 17.0 programı kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: DRD TaqIA polimorfizmi hem çalışma hem de kontrol grubunda analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma grubunda, A1/ A1 genotipi 5 kişide (4.0%), A1/A2 genotipi 51 (41.5%) kişide ve A2/A2 genotipi 67 (54.5%) kişide saptanmıştır. Kontrol grubunda ise, A1/A1 genotipi 6 (4.8%) kişide, A1/A2 genotipi 40 (32.0%) kişide A2/A2 genotipi 79 (62.2%) kişide saptanmıştır. 5-HT1B reseptör A-161T gen polimorfizmi için ise, A/A genotipi 61 (49.6%) kişide, A/T genotipi 53 (43.1%) ve T/T genotipi (7.3%) kişide tespit edilmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise, A/A genotipi 84 (67.2%), A/T genotipi 39 (31.2%) ve T/T genotipi 2 (1.6%) kişide tespit edilmiştir. CNR1 1359 polimorfizmi için ise G/G genotipi hem çalışma hem de kontrol grubunda en sık saptanan polimorfizmdir. Çalışma grubunda 75 (61.0%) kişide, kontrol grubunda ise 84 (67.2%) kişide bu polimorfizm görülmüştür. G/A genotipi ise çalışma grubunda 39 (31.7%) kişide, kontrol grubunda ise 38 (30.4%) kişide görülmüştür. A/A genotipi hem çalışma hem de kontrol grubunda en nadir görülen genotiptir ve çalışma grubunda sadece 9 (7.3%) kişide, kontrol grubunda ise 3 (2.4%) kişide gözlenmiştir. Çalışılan 3 polimerimden sadece 5-HT1B A-161T polimorfizmi alkol bağımlılığı ile ilişkili bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: 5-HT1B reseptör A-161T polimorfizmi alkol bağımlılığı için umut veren bir belirteç olabilir, ancak bu bulguları netleştirmek için ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

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