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Objective: The objectives of the research were to study the inşuence of education level and some family factors (alcohol addiction of parents, upbringing in a one-parent family) on the inclination to commit criminal offences in the examined individuals in Soviet times in comparison to the current situation. Material and methods: 35 reports of the Commission of forensic psychiatric experts over the period of January - March 2010 (the examined individuals of group 1) and 35 archive acts of outpatient forensic psychiatric examination that covered the period of January-March 1991 (the examined individuals of group 2) were analyzed. In total 70 men aged between 15 and 75 were considered. The statistic method, comparative analysis, in combination with the data on the somatoneurological state and the data of an experimental psychological study were applied.
Results: The study found out that 20 patients of group 1 were held criminally responsible under article 131 of the RF Criminal Code (CC), 13 under article 132 of the RF CC, and 2 individuals were held criminally responsible under article 135 of the RF CC. Out of total 20 patients, 14 had received incomplete secondary education, 7 did not receive any education at all, 6 individuals received full secondary education, 4 incomplete secondary vocational education, 4 higher vocational education, and 1 patient received education in the form of 8 years of special school. The family history data showed that 10 patients were brought up in the family in which either 1 or both parents abused alcohol, 9 individuals were raised and developed in a one-parent family, 8 individuals did not have parents at all, and only 8 out of the 35 patients of group 1 were brought up in secure families. The 35 patients of group 2 included 9 individuals that were held criminally responsible under article 144 of the RSFSR CC, 5 under article 108 of the RSFSR CC, 4 under each of articles 103, 145 of the RSFSR CC, 2 under each of articles 117, 206, 246 of the RSFSR CC, 1 under each of articles 89, 102, 120, 148, 188, 212, 224 of the RSFSR CC. In group 2 there were 15 individuals with incomplete secondary education, 13 with incomplete secondary vocational education, 5 with full secondary education and 2 with full secondary vocational education. The family history data showed that 18 patients from group 2 were brought up in the family where either one or both parents abused alcohol, 28 were raised in a two-parent secure family and 7 individuals were raised in a one-parent family.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated a clear relationship between the education level and some family factors affecting the inclination to commit criminal offences. Now the number of criminal offenses against the person that are committed by uneducated individuals has increased, as well as crimes committed by those who have higher vocational education, while the number of secure families has decreased, which in turn has exacerbated the criminal situation in the country.