There are three basic pillars for the development of eating disorders: genetic predisposition, neuroendocrine-molecular changes in the brain and metabolic response to it. As an outcome of neuroendocrine research, a close relationship was found between neuroendocrine functions and symptom complexes of psychiatric disorders such as eating disorders and mood disorders. For example, in particular of eating disorders as well as hypothalamic dysfunction, there are also known to be some specific changes including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and gonadotropin secretion. These changes may be primary or secondary. Monoaminergic neurotransmitter peptides, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases, also control synthesis and secretion of the some hypothalamic-pituitary hormones. Additionally, hypothalamic hormones, widely available in the brain, produce specific effects via receptors and inşuence the functional activity of the brain neurotransmitter systems. Many hypothalamic hormones are believed to co-ordinate more complex behavior and function of internal homeostasis. Certain hormones, neurotransmitters and other molecules, which might have effect in particular of eating disorders can be listed as follows: estrogen, serotonin, leptin, alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone, cholecystokinin, dopamine, noradrenaline, ghrelin, BDNF, NMDAr, agouti-related protein, neuropeptide Y, opioids and their receptors, thiamine, zinc, omega-3 acids. In this presentation, main neuroendocrine-molecular changes and interactions that occurs in the eating disorders are mentioned.