Brief Manual for Multi-Modal Motion-Assisted Memory Desensitization and Reconsolidation Therapy for the Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Multi-Modal Motion-Assisted Memory Desensitization and Reconsolidation (3MDR) is an innovative exposure-based immersive psychotherapeutic intervention for the treatment of post-traumatic conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other related trauma disorders. This manual reviews the theoretical foundations, protocol, and key therapeutic processes of 3MDR, emphasizing its applicability across clinical and research settings. Developed to overcome barriers to traditional trauma-focused psychotherapies, 3MDR combines immersive virtual reality (VR), motion-assisted engagement, and personalized trauma cues to facilitate memory processing and emotional reconsolidation. The 3MDR integrates VR technology, treadmill-assisted movement, and dual-attention tasks to create a dynamic and interactive therapeutic environment. The intervention consists of 3 phases: pre-platform preparation, platform exposure, and post-platform reconsolidation, allowing for structured and progressive trauma processing. Patients engage with self-selected trauma-related images and music, guided by a therapist, to confront distressing memories, reduce avoidance, and foster emotional regulation. The dual-attention task and affect labeling enhance cognitive and emotional integration, while walking promotes a sense of agency and movement through trauma. Clinical research demonstrates 3MDR’s efficacy in reducing PTSD symptoms, depression, and anxiety, with high acceptability and low dropout rates among military personnel, veterans, and first responders. Emerging evidence suggests its adaptability for diverse populations, including civilians and individuals with complex trauma histories. This manual provides detailed guidance for implementing 3MDR, underscoring the importance of therapist training, ethical considerations, and continued research to optimize its application and expand access to this promising intervention. This manual should be seen as a companion and not a replacement for training.

Cite this article as: Vermetten E, Burback L, Sevigny PR, et al. Brief manual for multi-modal motion-assisted memory desensitization and reconsolidation (3MDR) therapy for the treatment of PTSD. Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2025;35(Suppl. 1):S122-S134.